See also:
* [http://omnitech.net/soapmaking/supplies/ Supplies and Equipment] – [http://omnitech.net/soapmaking/ingredients/ Ingredients] – [http://omnitech.net/soapmaking/lessons-learned/ Lessons Learned]
* [http://omnitech.net/soapmaking/first-batch/ First Batch] – [http://omnitech.net/soapmaking/second-batch/ Second Batch] – [http://omnitech.net/soapmaking/third-batch/ Third Batch]
==Methods==
”’Rendering”’ – boil fat with equal water, then pull from heat and add 1/2 as much cold water. Skim fat.
”’CP”’ – 100F mix, Brought to trace, molded, insulate, and let cure for 1-2 months.
”’CPOP”’- (Cold Process Oven Process) – Molded, then heated to speed saponification. Oven, 170F for 1 hour, then rest in oven overnight.
”’HP”’ – Brought to trace, then heated to 200F (crock pot or double boiler). Separation. Rejoin & Rise. Greasy Mashed Potatoes. Settle. pH 8-10. Then add color, fragtance, and add to mold. Much fluffier soap. 2-5 days to cure.
CPOP and HP can be used in 24 hours, but will melt quickly due to higher water content. 3 weeks cure helps dry.
==Regulations==
If soap is not primarily made of saponified oils, or if it makes cosmetic or drug claims, then it’s regulated by the FDA. (Gentle, anti-acne, or similar claims).
http://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/guidancecomplianceregulatoryinformation/ucm074201.htm
Cosmetic claims require following the Cosmetic Labelling Manual:
http://www.fda.gov/Cosmetics/CosmeticLabelingLabelClaims/CosmeticLabelingManual/default.htm
Drug claims require a `Drug Facts` panel, and must follow federal regs, title 21, part 201.66:
http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?c=ecfr&SID=58749a5c0e679e98398bf80ec3d738de&rgn=div8&view=text&node=21:4.0.1.1.2.3.1.6&idno=21
If it meets the basic soap requirements, then it falls under the CPSC jurisdiction.
http://www.cpsc.gov/en/Regulations-Laws–Standards/Regulations-Mandatory-Standards–Bans/Regulated-Products/
CPSC considers it an `unregulated product`, which means it has to follow safety rules:
http://www.cpsc.gov/Regulations-Laws–Standards/Unregulated-Products/Unregulated-Products/
Note, that if you advertise it as a children’s product, CPSC requires tracking labels and third party testing.
http://www.cpsc.gov/trackinglabel
Small batch manufacturers can register for limited relief from testing requirements:
http://www.cpsc.gov/smallbatch
===Labeling===
It’s hard to find a distilled version of the labeling requirements from *.gov sites.
Other sites indicate these requirements:
Soap Regulated by the Consumer Product Safety Commission:
1. Name of Soap
2. Net Weight of Soap (not including the weight of the packaging material)
3. Name of Company, Address of Company
Cosmetic Soap Regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA):
1. Name of Soap
2. Net weight of Soap (not including the weight of the packaging material)
3. Directions for safe use
4. Warning statement when necessary
5. List of ingredients in descending order of predominance
6. Name and location of business
==Online Reference==
* http://www.zensoaps.com/hpsoap.htm – Procedures with great photos
* http://www.millersoap.com/trouble.html – Best troubleshooting quickref ever
* http://www.millersoap.com/SoapFAQs.html – General Reference
* http://toolmakingart.com/2009/04/03/soap-making-with-potassium-hydroxide-part-1-the-process/ – good photos
* Wine Soap [http://www.northcountrymercantile.com/soapmakinglibrary/jeanettes-blackberry-wine-soap/ – Cautions] and [http://www.soapmakingforum.com/f24/red-wine-soap-14230/index2.html Examples]
===SAPonification Calculation===
* http://www.soapcalc.net/calc/SoapCalcWP.asp – Best Calculator. Use `view` to see combined caustic values
* http://soaperschoice.com/products_list.php# – A great list for manual calculation
* http://www.millersoap.com/fatacidtab.html – SAP values and fat qualities
* http://www.millersoap.com/oilproperties.htm – More of the same, some overlap
* http://summerbeemeadow.com/content/properties-soapmaking-oils – More ref info
* http://www.soapworld.biz/soap%20calculator.html – Calculator that shows glycerine and TFM contents
* https://www.thesage.com/calcs/lyecalc2.php – Another lye calculator as a backup
* http://www.lyedepot.com/calculator/calculator.html – A simple but complete lye calculator by [http://www.essentialdepot.com/servlet/StoreFront?affiliate_no=642 EssentialDepot], who also sells a variety of soapmaking supplies.
===Bulk Oils===
* Wal-Mart, Sam’s, Costco – Often VERY cheap Palm and Coconul oils (Veg Shortening, etc).
* http://www.honestfoods.com/topricbranoi.html – Rice Bran Oil
* http://soaperschoice.com/products_list.php – Not the best price, but great selection for starting.
* http://www.harmonyscents.com/soapasylum/suppliers.shtml – Big list of wholesalers
===Essential Oils===
* [http://www.essentialdepot.com/servlet/StoreFront?affiliate_no=642 http://www.essentialdepot.com] – Good selection of EOs and base oils.
* http://essentialoils.org/
* http://www.camdengrey.com/
* https://www.thesage.com/catalog/FixedOil.html
* http://www.soapies-supplies.com/shop/
===PH Testing===
* http://www.millersoap.com/phtome.html
* http://autonopedia.org/body_and_home/Soaps/Determining_Soap_pH.html
* http://www.soap-made-easy.com/soap-ph.html
===General===
* http://www.soapmaker.ca/LiteDescription.php
* http://summerbeemeadow.com/content/properties-soapmaking-oils
* http://forums.debbiemay.com/index.php?/topic/1989-pine-tar-soap-hp-method/
* http://www.soap-making-essentials.com/soap-making-oils.html
* http://www.wholesalesuppliesplus.com/FAQ/CP-Soap-Making.aspx
* http://www.wholesalesuppliesplus.com/FAQ/HP-Soap-Making.aspx
* http://toolmakingart.com/2009/04/03/soap-making-with-potassium-hydroxide-part-1-the-process/
* http://mountofolivessoap.com/products/ingredient-descriptions/
* http://candleandsoap.about.com/od/soapmakingoils/tp/qualitiesofsoapmakingoils.02.htm
* http://www.candletech.com/soap-making/hot-process-soap-instructions/
* http://www.candletech.com/soap-making/cold-process-soap-making/
* http://www.lovinsoap.com/2012/06/palm-free-recipes-day-1/
* http://www.lovinsoap.com/2012/10/how-to-make-goats-milk-soap-using-farm-fresh-goats-milk/
* http://www.lovinsoap.com/2012/12/calculating-your-water-amount-for-soapmaking/
* http://littlehouseinthesuburbs.com/2008/10/if-youre-saying-to-yourself-ivory-i.html – home lard
* http://www.soapqueen.com/bath-and-body-tutorials/cold-process-soap/hot-process-series-cpop-swirls/
* http://www.helium.com/items/619470-how-to-avoid-orange-spots-when-making-soap
* http://convert-to.com/568/organic-raw-coconut-oil-conversion-with-nutrition-facts.html#more-568
* http://convert-to.com/549/cold-pressed-extra-virgin-olive-oil-with-nutrients-amounts-conversion.html
* http://science.csustan.edu/nhuy/chem1002/soapexp.htm
* http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ed025p379
==Random Notes==
===Commercial Soap pH===
* Dove 7.0
* Lever 2000 9.0
* Camay 9.5
* Dial 9.5
* Irish Spring 9.5
* Ivory 9.5
* Palmolive 10.0
* Zest 10.0
* TOO CAUSTIC 10.5
